Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)
Standardized 20-item psychometric schedule measuring orthogonal dimensions of Positive Affect (alertness, enthusiasm) and Negative Affect (distress, unpleasurable engagement).
Scientific ReferenceDOI / Peer-Reviewed Paper ↗
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063–1070.
📖 PANAS 20-item standardized administration and scoring guidelines.•⏱ ~4 min•v1
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